Letter to parents Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Letter to guardians - Essay Example I plan deliberately the learning results that ought to be accomplished for every youngster and as needs be I structure and convey guidance. These sorts of guidelines help to accomplish the ideal learning result without changing the educational plan and capability of each understudy can be accomplished. Battling understudies and talented or better than expected understudies both have various needs and can gain ground with separated learning exercises without their acknowledgment. They don't feel segregated and this likewise constantly creates feeling of having a place. This instructing procedure assists with coming to, educate and build up the entirety of my understudies. It is imperative to know the kid as an individual and student. To perceive pupil’s various foundation purposeful endeavors are made like calling every one by separate name, watching every one cautiously, and setting up two way discussion, and so on. Separate guidelines include substance, item and procedure separation. Since each child’s capacity and worry is unique, the profundity and unpredictability of the substance is shifted by offering different alternatives. I stresses on unique gathering society in the study hall with the goal that every student has chance to improve the information in comparable just as various settings. The creation of the gathering is fluctuated relying on the reason. This procedure separation of dynamic gatherings encourages helpful and cooperative aptitudes among kids. This guarantees understudy can work at their own level and at the same time gain ground in fluctuated ranges of abilities and interests. Additionally, I love to make my understudies increasingly free and in this manner, each time they are occupied with various and animating learning exercises. I likewise give numerous models, stories and outlines just as various techniques for the understudies who need help to clarify certain id eas. To sustain characteristic yet purposeful learning, sort of sonnets, tunes, finger plays, jargon building games,

Course Concept Redesign Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Course Concept Redesign - Coursework Example Likewise, the new understudy can introduce their perspectives by remarking on the video and get criticisms from their kindred understudies. The pursuit procedure utilized article databases in distinguishing the three sources on the idea of the nursery impact and environmental change. In the primary source, Reinfried and partners contend that it is troublesome changing student’s regular thoughts of the nursery impact. The test that ecological training face is making of instructional setting planned to cultivate student’s applied comprehension of the idea of the nursery impact. In encouraging understudies applied improvement with respect to the nursery impact, it is basic to configuration learning materials that advance dynamic intellectual learning and concentrated on accomplishing profound comprehension of the idea. Reinfried et al., present in the article, a created learning material dependent on the hypothesis of understanding and thinking. They contrasted the viability of the structure and standard learning materials by utilizing pre-, post and follow-up test. In looking at the student’s comprehen sion and information procurement over the three estimation test, Reinfried et al., utilized both subjective and quantitative techniques. The investigation result showed that the gathering educated by the plan concentrated on inside and out learning would be wise to information additions and maintenance contrasted with the gathering showed utilizing standard learning materials. The quality of the article, in this way, is it gives an instructional structure that connects with students in high subjective exercises, which upgrade profound reasonable comprehension of the theoretical and complex idea of the nursery impact. Be that as it may, the article has a shortcoming in introducing a near report led for a long a span of time in light of the fact that reasonable changes require a lot of time to create. In the subsequent source, Ogden et al., focuses that the degree of environmental change influences human wellbeing in a

Borderline Personality Disorder and Your Sex Life

Borderline Personality Disorder and Your Sex Life BPD Living With BPD Print Borderline Personality Disorder and Your Sex Life By Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, is a clinical psychologist and associate professor of psychology at Eastern Connecticut State University. Learn about our editorial policy Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on July 05, 2019 Tetra Images / Getty Images More in BPD Living With BPD Diagnosis Treatment Related Conditions Borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms can affect your emotional state, your relationships, and your ability to control your behavior. So its not surprising that BPD can also have a major impact on your sex life. While very few researchers have studied BPD and its effects on sexuality, more and more work is suggesting that people with BPD can experience several key difficulties with sex. Attitudes About Sex Research has demonstrated that women with BPD tend to have more negative attitudes about sex. For example, women with BPD report having a greater number of mixed feelings about sexual relations, and are also more likely to feel pressured to have sex with their sexual partners. In addition, women with BPD report more general sexual dissatisfaction. Much less is known about how BPD affects men’s attitudes about sex. There may be a number of reasons for these more negative attitudes toward sex. First, many women with BPD are survivors of child abuse, which may contribute to overall negative reactions to adult sexual experiences. Also, women with BPD are more likely to experience a great deal of conflict in their relationships, so they may feel less positive about sex. Reckless Sex Impulsive behavior  is one of the symptoms of BPD listed in the DSM-IV. In the case of sexuality, a trend toward impulsive behavior may lead to reckless sexual behavior as well. People with BPD are most at risk of engaging in impulsive acts when they are experiencing intense emotional responses, or when they are disinhibited by alcohol or other substances. Intense sadness, fear, jealousy or positive emotions may also lead to impulsive sexuality. Promiscuity In addition to engaging in reckless or impulsive sex, there is evidence that people with BPD are more prone to sexually promiscuity. This differs from impulsive sex in that promiscuity is the act of intentionally having multiple sexual partners (rather than having casual sex on a whim). Why might people with BPD be more promiscuous? One possibility is that they use sex to combat feelings of emptiness that are associated with the disorder. When feeling empty, numb, lonely, or bored, sex may generate positive emotional responses. Avoidance of Sex While some studies have shown an increase in sexual behavior in people with BPD, there is also evidence that some actually avoid sex. For example, in a 2003 study, Dr. Mary Zanarini and colleagues found that people with BPD reported avoidance of sex for fear of experiencing an exacerbation of their symptoms. Your Sex Life While the research is far from conclusive (and is particularly sparse with regard to men with BPD), there is evidence to suggest that people with BPD can experience a variety of sexual difficulties.  It is likely that the impact of BPD symptoms on sex can vary substantially from person to person, and can take very different forms. How your symptoms impact your sex life may warrant some reflection or even a discussion with your therapist or partner.

Personal Statement On Family Farms - 937 Words

Family farms serve as both a place to live and a place to work and is unique as both a home and a workplace. Growing up on a cattle farm, with horses and the necessary machinery, I was exposed to many conditions that have taught me valuable lessons and allowed me to thrive as a young individual. One of the main reasons that I have been able to thrive under these circumstances is because of my family members ensuring my safety. My family has always been rigorous about teaching me how to stay safe from the many dangers on our farm that could leave me vulnerable to injury and illness. On our farm, we consider the health and safety of our family to be our number one priority. When I was young, my parents restricted my access to worksites on the farm and were certain to reduce my exposure to hazardous situations to ensure my safety and well-being. I was prohibited to go near the cattle without one of my adult family members being with me and was not allowed to roam around the farm without the supervision of an adult. I became progressively mesmerized by the livestock on our farm and wanted to be more involved with them so that I could pursue my curiosity. While this worried my parents to a certain degree, they supported my curiosity and began to give me modified tasks and chores that I was capable of doing without putting me in harm’s way. Before performing any of these tasks however, they ensured that I was properly informed on what I was to do and how I was to do them. TheShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of 40 Acres And A Mule1557 Words   |  7 Pagescitizen or own land was left up to the individual states. Persons of various ethnicities were legally denied citizen status for years in many states. In addition to persons who are citizens, particularly white women, the right to own land or any personal property, was tied to her marital status and inheritance rights. The acquisition of land and access to assistance to improve and make a living from the land, for m inorities in the US has been a constant struggle. Even federal organizations set upRead MoreFarm Girl Essay1399 Words   |  6 PagesChristina Anderson Mr. Kingsley Eng105 1 February 2012 Life Lessons from the Farm Jessica Hemauer’s essay, â€Å"Farm Girl,† tells her life story of living on a farm through her eyes as ten-year-old child to the time of her early adulthood. The purpose of this piece is to teach the importance of lifes responsibilities to children, mainly female, and young adults who may not be familiar with the challenges life can bring and to promote the benefits you can gain by overcoming those obstacles. HemauerRead MoreAnalysis of Home Burial1496 Words   |  6 PagesRobert Owen Marjory Thrash Eng 1123 V02 13 April 2009 Analysis of â€Å"Home Burial† Many of Robert Frost’s poems and short stories are a reflection of his personal life and events. Frost’s short story â€Å"Home Burial† emulates his experience living on a farm and the death of two of his sons. Frost gives an intimate view into the life and mind of a married couples’ struggle with grief and the strain it causes to their marriage. The characters Frost describes are synonymous, physically and emotionally,Read MoreA Study On The New Valley s Five Districts767 Words   |  4 Pagessample size from a given population, as the population of this study were the total number of families in each chosen village (706 at Al-Mounirah and 80 at Al-Thaniyah village), then the sample size were 248 family from Al-Mounirah and 66 from Al-Thaniyah village. Data were collected from 300 rural women (240 from Al-Mounirah and 60 from Al-Thaniyah village), during the period from May to Jun. 2016 through personal interviews using a questionnaire form. The questionnaire was designed and pretested forRead MoreFrey Farms Vs Wal-Mart Negotiations943 Words   |  4 PagesThe Frey Family of Companies is a year-round supplier of fresh fruits and vegetables. They are a family of growers, packers, shippers and marketers specializing in watermelons, cantaloupes, pumpkins and fall ornamentals. The Frey Farms Produce headquarters is located in rural Wayne County northeast of Mt. Vernon, IL and is supported by strategic shipping locations in Illinois, Indiana, Missouri, Georgia, Florida and throughout the Midwest. The Frey family has been in the produce industry for severalRead MoreThe Logic Of Stupid Poor People, And Andrew Corsello s The Other Side Of Hate939 Words   |  4 Pagesbetter than them, or has something that they do not have. This story killed all reasons to even feel this way. McMillan also linked this story back to her own personal childhood. Their family was a classic black American migration family, with rural Southern roots. During this time most African Americans were considered as poor. Her family gave what little they had to help others make ends meet. They always got a little extra money when using the VA benefits, military compensation or someone diesRead MoreOf Mice and Men by John Steinbeck1358 Words   |  6 Pagesillustrates the hardships of the time, and more so those that laborers such as George and Lennie experience. Life proves to be full of disappointments for both men who are victims of harsh circumstances in more ways than one. The two have a dream to own a farm of their own but circumstance and fate robs them of their dream for a better life. This is a depiction of the lost American Dream during the Great Depression which lasts between 1929 up to the 1940s. The poem titled â€Å"This Is Not The Life† further depictsRead MorePatrick Henrys Fight For Freedom776 Words   |  4 PagesThat’s why the people who want freedom must fight for it. He also gives a personal statement in which he says oblique that they must win the fight, â€Å".... give me liberty, or give me death!†. With his statement he shows how big his wish of freedom for his country is. Either he wants to die than live without freedom. Patrick Henry shows what it means to have freedom by explaining how important it is to the audience and with personal examples to win the fight against the British to receive it. Steve McQueensRead MoreAlice Munro s Boys And Girls And Jamaica Kincaid s Girl1524 Words   |  7 Pagesfox- breeding farm which correlates to the North American culture in the 1960 s. In the 1960 s, women were stereotyped as happy wives and mothers. In contrast, the society believed that unmarried women were social outcasts which in direct correlation makes the eleven- year old girl subjected in this category. For example, she is occupied with the process and details of the work on the farm in direct correlation to what a boy work should consist of. The demand of a fox- breeding farm is to supplyRead MoreFood, Inc., By Michael Pollan And Eric Schlosser1264 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscusses how the fast food industry has transformed what people eat. In addition it debates the farming practices and the whole global food system. According to Pollan and Schlosser, farming practices have become so industrialized that today many farms are more like factories. An example of these farming practices can be found in the way chickens are raised. Chickens are often confined together by the thousands in large metal buildings with no access to light or fresh air. In addition they are

Battle Against Hiv / Aids Essay - 2034 Words

Name: Professor: Course: Date: Battle against HIV/AIDS in South Africa Introduction HIV/Aids pandemic is high in South Africa as compared to any other country in the world. Recent statistic show that 12% of South Africa’s population lives with the virus and including young children the percentage rises to 18% of the total population. Other neighboring countries such as Botswana also have high prevalence rates and this means that almost all southern African countries rank top among the most infected nations not only in Africa but the world around. In the past few years the number of south Africans being diagnosed of HIV has been rising and even though the infections among adolescents particularly male have been dropping the damage this infection is causing remains substantial both socially and economically. Based on demographic grouping the most infected are females below the age of 40. And of the females infected about 80% are aged between 20-24 years. Infection among males stands below 40% with those aged above 30 years being the most infected. The fact that aids is high in South Africa more than any other country in Africa makes it necessary to understand the reasons behind it. Steinberg (2008) in his book â€Å"Sizwe s test: a young man s journey through Africa s AIDS epidemic† fails to understand why many people still die in south Africa despite the emergence of antiretroviral drugs. He however realizes that â€Å"stigma† remains the greatest challenge in as far as HIV/AIDS isShow MoreRelatedThe Public Health Triad Essay1017 Words   |  5 Pageshuman actions are also responsible to some detrimental health effects. Human behavior through habitat modification has led to the emergence of infectious diseases â€Å"Modification of natural habitats by humans is a leading cause of emerging zoonoses† (Battle, 2009, P 32). Humans contribute to this modification through urbanization, agricultural development, manufacturing, recreation, and transportation. These leads to increased risk of transmission of infectious agent s due to our close proximity to theRead MoreChief Of The National Center For Hiv, Std, And Tb Prevention1097 Words   |  5 Pagesjust viewing officials in higher positions as leaders, in the case of Dr. Helen Gayle, who was the director of the National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHSTP) at the U.S. Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (Managing across boundaries). In her recent assignment she was credited with innumerable accomplishments in the battle against HIV/AIDS and other contagious diseases not only in the United States but globally as well (Managing across boundaries). In the case of Dr. HelenRead MoreHiv And How Is It Different From Hiv ( Human Immunodeficiency Virus )? Aids?1689 Words   |  7 PagesWhat exactly is AIDS and how is it different from HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)? AIDS is a severe form of HIV in which someone’s immune system is completely destroyed; HIV is a virus that affects the immune system. In other words, you ca n have HIV without AIDS, but if you have AIDS, then you automatically have HIV. The origin of HIV is disputed between scientists; some have theorized that it was passed down from apes and somehow transferred between humans. HIV attacks the bloodstream and eliminatesRead MoreThe Epidemic Of The Hiv Virus1747 Words   |  7 PagesStephan Ziccardi Professor Becher ENC 1101 October 24th, 2015 Since the discovery of the HIV virus in 1983, there have been many precautions taken to control and prevent the spreading of this deadly disease. Helen Epstein, who is the author of â€Å"AIDS Inc,† informs her readers about the sexually transmitted disease known as the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Epstein enlightens her audience with crucial information in regards to the ruthless disease that is devouring the lives of innocentRead MoreHiv / Aids : An Unknown Disease1508 Words   |  7 Pages Emerging in the early 1980s, HIV/AIDS was an unknown disease that spread rapidly throughout the United States. In the beginning not much information was found due to this being a very new disease with a completely unknown background. As decades passed, research has increased as well as the number of cases of people reporting that they are infected. Being that 1 out of every 4 people are infected with HIV/AIDS, this disease has had such an immense impact socially, domestic ally, as well as politicallyRead MoreIn 2015, An Estimate Of 36.7 Million People Was Living1009 Words   |  5 PagesIn 2015, an estimate of 36.7 million people was living with HIV and 1.1 million people died of AIDS-related illnesses (_). AIDS is a severe disease that causes the human’s immune system to become weak. Once the human body’s immune system is damaged, the body is more susceptible for infections. The most terrifying part about this entire ordeal is that scientist have yet to find a permanent cure for HIV/AIDS. As time progresses, scientists have been able to understand the illness even more and createdRead MoreTreatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Essay1113 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a blood-borne virus typically transmitted via sexual intercourse, shared intravenous drug paraphernalia, and mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), which can occur during the birth processor during breastfeeding.† There is no cure for HIV or AIDS but over time different types of medications have been developed that slows down the advancement of the disease. AIDS is a lethal disease that is caused by HIV. HIV destroys the immune system and causes the body to notRead MoreThe Effects of HIV754 Words   |  3 PagesMental Hygiene, The Bronx has the highest HIV infection rate in New York City. In 2013, NYC.gov reported 35,172 people were living with HIV/AIDS in the Bronx. Acquired immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is the disease caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), which is the final stage of HIV. This is a world wide epidemic, especially because most people living with HIV dont have access to prevention, care or treatment and there is still no cure. HIV can be transmitted from certain fluids suchRead MoreSustainable Development1650 Words   |  7 Pagesdelighted to join you today in launching this book, an important tool in our ongoing efforts to demystify HIV/AIDS. The book being launched here signifies the author‟s desire to contribute meaningfully to education and information sharing materials, especially targeted toward the youth highlighting the dangers of irresponsible behaviour which may lead to contracting diseases such as HIV/AIDS. The production of the book, The Other Presence, and its translation into local languages, are thus aimedRead MoreAids Research Paper1428 Words   |  6 Pagestoday is the epidemic of AIDS. As a consistent killer throughout the world, AIDS has become an immediate concern to agencies and governments worldwide. In response, there are numerous international organizations that have been established to learn more about preventing, tracking, and treating the disease. Through extensive research and analysis, AIDS researchers are making gradual breakthroughs to benefit the struggle. However, since there is currently no cure for AIDS, researchers are rapidly

Life of Pablo Friere Free Essays

Based on the demands of our educational system, our society is forced to conform to the level of education that they want us to be at. This educational distortion is beneficiary to the educator’s realm and the way of governing education . We are seen as merely objects rather than subjects and are fed only facts/information that the educator only wants us to memorize not actually comprehend it or even ask questions or give our opinions to given facts/information. We will write a custom essay sample on Life of Pablo Friere or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is what makes the educator the oppressor and us the oppressed. Paulo Freire’s â€Å"Pedogogy of the Oppressed† deals with the concept of oppression in the school system and suggests an alternative method of education. There is an absolute need for students to â€Å"Tear down the wall† (Pink Floyd) of conformity in education and express their individuality. Education in itself can be a contradiction. The teacher (oppressor), is there to educate/teach the student (oppressed) but is he really? As Freire indicates â€Å"Narration (with the teacher as narrator) leads the students to memorize mechanically the narrated content. Worse yet, it turns them into â€Å"containers,† â€Å"receptacles† to be â€Å"filled† by the teacher. The more completely she fills the receptacles, the better a teacher she is. The more meekly the receptacles permit themselves to be filled, the better students they are.† (67). He also goes on to say â€Å"Education thus becomes an act of depositing, in which the students are the depositories and the teacher is the depositor. Instead of communicating, the teacher issues communiques and makes deposits which the students patiently receive, memorize, and repeat.†(67), and he refers to this as the â€Å"banking system† where the student goes â€Å"only as far as receiving, filing, and storing the deposits.†(68). This â€Å"banking system† method of teaching, really is not teaching the student(oppressed), but rather they are given facts/information by the teacher(oppressor) that they do not fully understand, and so there really is no learning. Also the â€Å"banking concept† holds the student down because he is told what to learn, and he is not allowed to work to his full capacity. It is because if this that the student lacks â€Å"creativity, transformation, and knowledge in this (at best) misguided system.†(68). If this type of educational method keeps on, then there will be no change, therefore the minds will be filled with facts/information that the student will not always understand. This â€Å"banking concept† method of education also keeps a restraint to knowledge for the student to a certain level because it doesn’t give the student initiative, motivation, and drive to actually go out and want to learn. In other words this isn’t the way to go about education. As Freire states â€Å"This solution is not (nor can it be found in the banking concept. On the contrary, banking education maintains and even stimulates the contradiction through the following attitudes and practices, which mirror oppressive society as a whole:†(68). They are as follows: â€Å"(a) the teacher teaches and the students are taught (b) the teacher knows everything and the students know nothing (c) the teacher thinks and the students are thought about (d) the teacher talks and the students listen–meekly (e) the teacher disciplines and the students are disciplined (f) the teacher chooses and enforces his choice, and the students comply (g) the teacher acts and the students have the illusion of acting through the action of the teacher (h) the teacher chooses the program content, and the students (who were not consulted) adapt to it (i) the teacher confuses the authority of knowledge with his or her own professional authority, which she and he sets in opposition to the freedom of the students. (j) the teacher is the Subject of the learning process, while the pupils are mere objects.†(68-69). Freire suggest that the educational system use an alternative method of teaching. He calls this â€Å"problem posing† education. Freire goes on to say â€Å"Those truly committed to the banking concept in its entirety, adopting instead a concept of women and men as conscious beings, and consciousness intent upon the world. They must abandon the educational goal of deposit-making and replace it with the posing of the problems of human beings in their relations with the world. â€Å"Problem-posing† education, responding to the essence of consciousness-intentionality-rejects communiques and embodies communication.†(74). Freire suggests that the students(oppressed) must break free from this system of things and liberate themselves and free their minds. â€Å"Problem-posing† is an excellent way to break free from oppression in our educational system. Freire suggests that â€Å"Indeed, problem-posing education, which breaks with the vertical patterns characteristic of education, can fulfill its function as the practice of freedom to overcome the above contradiction.†(74). The oppressed, once free, experience their world, and as a result question it. This is where they break free from oppression and begin the journey to freedom from this restricted educational system that Freire calls â€Å"banking system†. Freire also mentions that â€Å"Problem-posing education, as a humanist and liberating praxis, posits as fundamental that the people subjected to domination must fight for their emancipation. To that end, it enables teachers and students to become Subjects to the educational process by overcoming authoritarianism and an alienating intellectualism; it also enables people to overcome their false perception of reality. The world-no longer something to be described with deceptive words-becomes the object of their transforming action by men and women which results in their humanization.†(79). In other words, based on the â€Å"banking concept†, students are told what to learn and expected to learn it. Being told what to learn creates a necessity to rely on an authoritative figure not only in school but also in life, and reject responsibility. This is what the â€Å"oppressors† want, the â€Å"oppressed† who rely on authority and reject responsibility because that puts everyone under some form of power, and the â€Å"oppressed† are then prepared for the next oppressor. The educational system needs â€Å"problem-posing† methods of teaching because it makes the student becomes a critical thinker, and not only that but no longer becomes an object but rather a being who can share ideas with the teacher. In that fashion of education the teacher could also learn from the student and all can give different input on a given subject. This would allow each student to break the mold and become individual thinkers who can express their knowledge in different ways. Overall the methods used for teaching are very inadequate. Instead of telling the students what is to be memorized, the teachers should apply problem-posing techniques to get the students learning themselves. Once this teaching method can be applied, students shouldn’t actually just rely on the facts/information given to them but rather go out and seek and find out for themselves the truth and reality of all things. Everyone Is able to share their ideas and can learn from each other. I feel that Paulo Freire does an excellent job in making us aware of the reality of things in our educational system. I agree with the fact that we should have more of the problem-posing method of teaching, because it will not only involve us and make our ideas heard but will actually expand our way of thinking. How to cite Life of Pablo Friere, Papers

Turkeys application for the membership in the EU

Table of Contents Introduction Focus of Research and Research Questions Methodology and Information Sources Argument Literature Review Conclusion Works Cited Introduction Turkey’s application for the membership in the EU (1987) has brought the relationship between the two parties to the new stage. In 2005, Turkey was given the status of an official candidate for the EU membership, which made the prospect of accepting the country to the Union rather realistic.Advertising We will write a custom dissertation sample on Turkey’s application for the membership in the EU specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Significant differences that relate to the fields of economy, politics and international affairs, culture, civil law and religion have predetermined strong interest to the initial conditions, peculiarities, possible outcomes, potential threats and benefits of the abovementioned union. The rapid progress in the partiesâ⠂¬â„¢ relationship corroborated the possibility of a quick positive outcome of the decades-long negotiation and seemed to reflect their opinion about the future union. At the same time, the last years were marked by a turn in Turkey-EU cooperation. Turkey’s international policy shift from orientation to the West towards the strengthening sympathy for the Muslim Middle East identified the country’s international ambitions connected with its world recognition in the position of a strong independent state. Correspondingly, the EU society found itself concerned about the capability of two different cultures to co-exist, integrate, and successfully interact. The rhetoric of the European countries leaders (Nicolas Sarkozy, Angela Merkel) indicated the shift in the EU society’s attitudes. Today Turkey keeps the status of an official candidate for the EU membership. Both parties do not demonstrate the willingness to revise the prospects of the future cooperation, though not showing strong willingness to force the process. At the same time, it would be quite untimely to assume that both societies’ attitudes towards the potential union are homogeneous and coincide with Turkey’s and the EU’s official position. This predetermines the significance of investigation of discussed topic for the further evolution of the Turkey-EU relationship and gies birth to a range of research questions in the field of social studies that require scholars’ and policy makers’ particular attention.Advertising Looking for dissertation on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Focus of Research and Research Questions The focus of this research is the attitude of the Turkish society towards the possible Turkey-EU union. The purpose of study is to detect the tendencies in the Turkish public opinion about the countries membership in the EU, which may clarify to what ext ent this prospect remains realistic and how the integration will progress in case Turkey is accepted. In the course of study, the following research questions are expected to be answered: What attitudes towards Turkey’s membership in the EU exist in the Turkish society? What arguments do the proponents of each attitude provide to support their point of view? What factors influence the Turkish public opinion? What information sources have the strongest authority with the Turkish population? What is the official opinion of the Turkish government? Does it have significant influence on the attitudes of the population? How do the Turkish people see their own future in case the country enters the European Union? What parties of the Turkish society are the most interested in the EU entry? What are the strongest potential threats of the Turkey-EU union? (economical, political, cultural, social, religious aspects) How do the Turkish people want to see their country in the future? (in ternal condition, international arena) How do the Turkish people perceive the attitude of the EU citizens and officials towards Turkey? What alternatives to the EU membership do the Turkish citizens consider possible for their country? Methodology and Information Sources The study implies analysis of information sources devoted to the discussed topic. It is planned to get familiarized and compare the opinions of scholars and journalists who have been studying the public opinion of the Turkish population about the EU entry, as well as the opinions of the Turkish policy-makers. The following sources will be used in the course of the study: Monographs Articles in scholarly journals Turkish daily newspapers EU documents Interviews with Turkey officials: Egemen Bagis (the Minister of EU affairs in Turkey), Uluc Ozulker (ex-ambassador of Turkey to the EU). Argument The preliminary study of the given issue has demonstrated that the Turkish population is not homogeneous in evaluation of the outcome of Turkey’s EU membership. The tendency of opposition to the Turkey’s EU membership is expected to have been strengthening. The Turkish citizens’ strongest concerns are expected to be connected with: 1) the role Turkey will obtain in the European community after joining the EU; 2) the impact of the union on the life of the ordinary Turkish people; 3) social, cultural and religious differences that will play a role of serious obstacles in the Turkey-EU integration. Hypothesis: despite availability of the attitudinal factors that form resistance towards Turkey’s EU membership, the Turkey population has positive expectations about the potential union.Advertising We will write a custom dissertation sample on Turkey’s application for the membership in the EU specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The literature review provided below is aimed at testing the abovementioned statements. Literature Review Study of Turkey population’s attitude towards the EU membership requires obtaining a background on the Turkish political process. Much has been said about the impact of Islam on the Turkish society. Arat’s (2005) is devoted to analysis of Turkish Islam as a power that influences the Turkish political process. The author also estimates the power of the Turkish women in politics. Arat mentions the â€Å"serious polarization within society† (5) between the secularist and the Islamist poles. White’s work (2002) helps understand the roots and the process of evolution of Islamic politics in Turkey. Ãâ€"zyà ¼rek’s (2006) demonstrates that the secular and Islam issues actively interact and to the great extent oppose each other within the borders of Turkey’s political process. The author states that the secularist tendencies have been strengthening in Turkey during the last few years. Andreson (2008) discusses the dynamics of the democratic process in the Turkish politics and â€Å"the warped dialectic between state and religion in the Turkey†. The democratic trends have been competing to the approach expressed by Erdogan, the AKP leader, †When the feet try to govern the head, it becomes doomsday†. Arikan (2008) marks that the principles of democracy and human rights are the basis of the â€Å"new European political order† (113). Turkish expectations about the EU membership are to the great extent connected with blossoming of these principles in the social life of the country. On the other hand, the domination of the mentioned â€Å"new order† is perceived by some citizens as the invasion to the unique Turkish cultural space that has been forming for centuries. However, Carkoglu (2003) marks that â€Å"general attitudinal bases of resistance to EU membership- religiosity, anti-democratic attitudes and Euro-skepticism – do not form sources of EU refutation† (186). The autho r argues that the Turkish elites are now in the state of polarization, and each force is able to find the necessary rhetoric and persuasion mechanism to â€Å"conquer† the population’s support through media (187). Paradoxically, the elites that resist to the EU membership are able to keep their electoral support (ibid.).Advertising Looking for dissertation on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Carkoglu says that despite the dominating positive attitude towards the EU entry among the Turkish political elites, the legislative changes required by the EU are conducted quite slowly (ibid). Besides, they prefer to not emphasize the EU-related issues during the â€Å"electoral rush†. To form a full understanding of Turkey’s attitude to the EU entry, it is necessary to study the opinion of different parties, such as (at least): officials, political organizations and social movements, media, different social groups. One of the most significant questions in the study of the Turkish public opinion about the EU entry is what parties are the most strongly interested in it. In the abovementioned (2008), Anderson outlines the following, â€Å"In Turkey itself, as in Europe, the major forces working for its entry into the Union are the contemporary incarnations of the party of order: the bourse, the mosque, the barracks and the media. The consensus†¦ is not quite a un animity. Here and there, surly voices of reaction can be heard†¦ For the Turkish left, politically marginal but culturally central, the EU represents hope of some release from the twin cults and repressions of Kemal and the Koran; for the Turkish poor, of chances of employment and elements of welfare; for Kurds and Alevis, of some rights for minorities. How far these hopes are all realistic is another matter†. It is necessary to mark that female participants of the country’s social and political life also demonstrate strong interest towards the issue of the EU entry. Aybar et al (2007) who studied the ordinary Turkey citizens’ expectations about the EU membership argue that the union has been initially perceived by the Turkish women as a trigger of the women’s emancipation process. However, as Tunkrova argues in (2010), despite the legislative reforms, true democratization requires more time and the effort of the domestic actors (4). However, some res earchers share a pessimistic view on the capability of the Turkish society to accept the tendencies of the European new order. Particularly, Kà ¶sebalaban (2001) argues that the Turkish nation’s sympathy for the European values is not able to outweigh the Turkish domestic ideology. On the â€Å"subconscious† level, says Kà ¶sebalaban, a union with Europe is perceived by certain parties as an invasion, an encroachment on Turkey’s independence and identity. However, at the moment, while Turkey has not faced the â€Å"challenge† of EU integration, this should not be equated with the â€Å"conscious level†: the overall attitude of the Turkish nation to the EU membership remains positive. Conclusion A set of factors has predetermined the polarization of the Turkish society between the sense of the national identity and socio-cultural autonomy, and the sympathy for the so-called â€Å"European new order† with its principles of democracy and huma n rights. At all levels, from the political elites to the ordinary citizens, there are proponents and opponents of the Turkey-EU union. Despite the required legislative reforms and social changes progress quite slowly, the overall attitude towards Turkey’s EU membership is positive. It is remarkable that the Turkish people understand that the EU entry will intensify the secularist tendencies in the society and lead to the changes at all levels, from legislation to the everyday life. Despite this fact, the support of the EU membership prospect is strong, which may mean that secularization itself is considered by the Turkey citizens a positive change. Works Cited Anderson, Perry. â€Å"After Kemal†. London Review of Books. 2008. 30 April 2011. https://www.lrb.co.uk/v30/n18/perry-anderson/after-kemal. Arat, Yesim. Rethinking Islam and Liberal Democracy Islamist Women in Turkish Politics. Albany: State University of New York, 2005. Arikan, Harun. Turkey and the EU: an Awkw ard Candidate for EU Membership? Aldershot: Ashgate, 2008. Aybar, C. Bà ¼lent, et al. â€Å"Analysis of Attitudes of Turkish Citizens towards the Effects of EU Membership†. Turkish Studies 8.3 (2007): 329-348. Carkoglu, Ali. â€Å"Who Wants Full Membership? Characteristics of Turkish Public Support for EU Membership.† Turkish Studies 4.1 (2003): 171-94. Kà ¶sebalaban, Hasan. â€Å"Turkey’s EU Membership: A Clash of Security Cultures.† Middle East Policy 9.2 (2002): 130-46. Ãâ€"zyà ¼rek, Esra. Nostalgia for the Modern: State Secularism and Everyday Politics in Turkey. 2006. Duhram, NC: Duke Uinversity Press, 2006. Tunkrova, Lucie. â€Å"The EU Accession Process and Gender Issues: Central Europe and Turkey.† Report for the Fifth Pan-European Conference on EU Politics, Porto, Portugal, 23-26 June 2010. JHUBC. Web. White, Jenny. Islamist Mobilization in Turkey: A Study in Vernacular Politics. Seattle, Wash.: University of Washington Press, 2002. 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